MPhil: Lower 2nd Class Honours degree, or international equivalent, in a relevant discipline; PhD: Upper 2nd Class Honours degree, or international equivalent, in a relevant discipline; or a 1st degree with an additional Master's degree (or international equivalent); for students whose 1st language is not English IELTS 6.5 (with no sub-test less than 5.5), or TOEFL 570 with 5.0 in the TWE or computer based TOEFL 230 with 5.0 in the TWE are required.